Penggunaan Layanan Dukungan Psikososial sebagai Sarana Trauma Healing pada Korban Bencana Alam

Abstract

Natural disasters are phenomena that cannot be avoided and may occur at any time. Given Indonesia’s geographical conditions—consisting of numerous active volcanoes—the country is highly vulnerable to natural disasters. These disasters not only cause physical damage but also significantly affect the psychological and social well-being of affected communities. This is evidenced by studies indicating that survivors often experience Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) as a result of natural disasters. Such findings underscore the importance of providing psychosocial support to disaster survivors. Therefore, this study aims to identify the forms of post-disaster psychosocial support provided to communities affected by natural disasters, as well as the perceived benefits of such support. Through a literature review method, several psychosocial approaches have been identified as effective post-disaster recovery interventions. These include Psychological First Aid (PFA), psychosocial interventions, community-based approaches, targeted approaches for vulnerable groups, and psychosocial assessments. In practice, these five approaches have proven effective in reducing trauma experienced by disaster survivors, such as excessive stress and anxiety.